Muchinga tradition in zambia
Muchinga tradition in zambia. Muchinga, Central, Zambia Weather Forecast, with current conditions, wind, air quality, and what to expect for the next 3 days. The objectives were to: describe the assessments that were being used by teachers in sampled schools; determine teachers’ use of classroom assessment results; as well as establish viewpoints of teachers about Oct 20, 2000 · Muchinga. 1 Fm, Chinsali, Southern, Zambia. The LikumbiLya Mize traditional ceremony of the Luvale speaking people of Northwestern is one spectacular traditional event that draws tourists from within Zambia and Abroad. [ 3 ] Everything you need to know about today's weather in Luchembe, Muchinga, Zambia. this is the official page of UCZ muchinga presbytery zambia where we see the life of the church in muchinga province. Zambia has many ceremonies across its 72 ethnic group based on customs, material culture, oral history, rituals, social life and spiritual culture. The province is made up of 12 districts, namely Kasama District (the provincial capital), Chilubi District, Kaputa District, Luwingu District, Mbala District, Mporokoso District, Mpulungu District, Mungwi District, Nsama District, Lupososhi District indigenous timber trade in Zambia A scoping study in Eastern, Northern and Northwestern provinces OCCASIONAL PAPER 86 Davison J. C h i n s a l i; Chinsali is the Provincial Capital of Muchinga Province located in the North West of Zambia. Muchinga Province - Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age Oct 10, 2017 · It is primarily concentrated in the northeastern areas and is most commonly be heard in the following regions of Zambia: Muchinga, Luapula, the Copperbelt, and the Northern Province. 2,181 likes · 9 talking about this · 101 were here. Apr 5, 2018 · Its location in the Muchinga escarpment makes Lavushi Manda National Park ideally-suited for self-hiking, or with a guide if desired. 7 Muchinga Province. 418 and Lwitikila Forest No. [1] The provinces are further subdivided into districts. 7 orthern 5. The mountain range extends to about 23,000 hectares (230Km²). The Provincial Administration is headed by a Provincial Minister, who is appointed by the President, and is responsible for overseeing the implementation of government policies and coordinating the activities of various government departments within the province. There are various hiking trails that can be arranged through the park’s website. 7. Their royal titles differ with the four most senior ones being called Kings or Paramount chiefs. Agriculture Statistics, 2020. 5. This integrated approach establishes a framework for the holistic demonstration and . Silva Porto on his expedition in the 1852 mentions the Kunda: Where the Luangwa is crossed begins the territory of the Cunda. Shiwa Ngandu (also spelled Shiwa Ng'andu) is an English-style country house and estate in Shiwang'andu District in the Muchinga Province of Zambia, previously in the Northern Province, about 12 kilometres (7 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles) west of the nearby Great North Road between Mpika and Chinsali. Governance development sectors in Muchinga Province . Membership is 50 members from the 10 provinces Nov 10, 2022 · COMACO is a social enterprise that supports wildlife conservation and small-scale farmers in Zambia. Sep 5, 2018 · Nshima is the staple carbohydrate of Zambia. However, it is sufficed to say that these forests are under extinction due to Chitemene system and indiscriminate cutting of trees for charcoal use. [2] It is the 11th largest of the 20 National Parks in Zambia. However, due to fierce wars he turned with his people into Zambia again and died in 1848. CULTURE The culture of Zambia is mainly indigenous Bantu culture mixed with European influences. The ceremonies are across ten months as follows: February; March; May; June; July; August; September; October Aug 26, 2024 · Zambia - Ethnic Groups, Languages, Religions: Most Zambians speak Bantu languages of the Niger-Congo language family and are descended from farming and metal-using peoples who settled in the region over the past 2,000 years. The site is an important historical resource for research education and tourism. Jan 23, 2024 · Where Zambia Coffee Grows. Established in 2011 out of the southern part of Northern Province, it is named for the Muchinga Mountains that divide the Luangwa and Chambeshi rivers and run along the western border of North Luangwa National Park, one of three national parks in the province. DIRECTOR-AGRICULTURE at SUNBIRD Bioenergy Zambia LTD · Mark Mungala Muchinga is a young dynamic,passionate, hardworking, enthusiastic, driven, creative, and innovative, problem solver, highly effective, motivated, skilled professional Agriculturist/ Agribusiness Expert. Muchinga. org Phone Number +260971583282 Muchinga RADIO Station 88. Muchinga 5. Nov 5, 2021 · Lusaka - Zambia: Muchinga Province Minister, Henry Sikazwe has assured traditional leaders in Mafinga district that government will complete all unfinished Nov 19, 2021 · One way to enjoy fish in Zambia is to eat it dry. Mar 27, 2018 · Ntumbachusi Falls are a series of pools flowing off the Ng’onga river in the Luapula province of Zambia. Some 50 per cent of the population use it as either a first or second language. Jun 27, 2022 · The Muchinga traditional ceremony is what the Namwanga people of the Mwenipoka sub-chiefdom will be celebrating on Wednesday, June 29, 2022, at Nzoche Palace in Isoka district. The province is named after Muchinga Escarpment on which the province predominantly sits. Every year in the month of August, Zambezi District of Northwestern Province of Zambia becomes a hive of activities as Luvale speaking people from all corners of Zambia Chinsali District is located in Muchinga Province and is the provincial headquarters of the Province after its declaration in the year 2011. Cultural traditions in the northeast and northwest indicate influences and migrations from the upper Congo basin. Expected Production - Muchinga Province; Yield Rate - Muchinga Province; At Copper Rose Zambia, the largest youth-led organization in Zambia, I serve as the point person for the programs. Zambia’s best hikes: List of best hiking trails to explore in Zambia, Long distance hiking trails in Zambia, Zambia hiking trail map, Easy Hiking Trails in Zambia, Top scenic hiking trails in Zambia are: Mafinga Central, Mutinondo Wilderness, Kalambo Falls, Lavushi Mountain, Victoria Falls. Jun 20, 2018 · The Bemba recreate their migration to Zambia in the annual Ukusefya Pa Ngwena traditional festival that takes place in Mungwi District. ~80-90% (Copperbelt, Muchinga). Prior to the establishment of modern Zambia, the indigenous people lived in independent tribes, each with their own ways of life. Around the same time period, domestic (cattle and goats) and wild animals (hippopotami) were reportedly dying from an Mar 27, 2024 · The Government of Zambia recognizes 4 Paramount chiefs, 43 Senior chiefs and 241 Chiefs. Sep 25, 2021 · And the National Action for Quality Education in Zambia ( NAQEZ) Muchinga Province chapter has congratulated the traditional leaders who have elected as members of both the Muchinga Province Jul 12, 2021 · The magnificent Muchinga Mountains form an escarpment that plunges some 700m to the valley floor, which reaches a width of up to 100km wide. As mentioned above, Arabica is the most popular coffee grown in the region, and with the elevations required for the best growth, the Muchinga Mountains and the city of Lusaka are where the magic happens. Nov 24, 2017 · Bemba (M42) (iciBemba) is the most widely spoken Bantu language in Zambia. <br>I bring to the table my experience with working with and in different organizations as well as in international Nakonde Town Council is situated off Great North Road, Civic center area in Nakonde District. Kandulu Forest Department Lusaka Province, Zambia Gillian Kabwe Copperbelt University, Zambia Marja Ojanen Finnish Embassy, Zambia Elizabeth Ndhlovu Finnish Feb 18, 2022 · Naming a child is an important aspect of Namwanga culture. The road runs from the Tunduma border with Tanzania via Mpika, Kabwe and Lusaka to the Chirundu border with Zimbabwe. The province was created in 2011 after detaching it from mother province– Northern Province. It shares its borders with eight countries, namely Tanzania to the northeast, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe to the south, Botswana and Namibia to the southwest, Angola to the west, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north. Conversely, certain The Bemba belong to a large group of Bantu peoples, primarily in the Northern, Luapula, Muchinga and the northern Central Province of Zambia. Muchinga Corridors, Nakonde, Southern, Zambia. Gumbo CIFOR, Zambia Kaala B. It is made from corn that is processed into a fine white powder called ‘mealie meal’. Chinsali District lies in UTM Zone 36S. Nakonde is one of border towns in Muchinga Province of Zambia, with a land area of 5,513 sq sharing international boundaries with Tanzania in the north and Malawi in the East. The decline of traditional Muchinga Province is located in the northeast of the country and was created in the year 2011 after detaching it from mother province – Northern Province. High/Low, Precipitation Chances, Sunrise/Sunset, and today's Temperature History. and science in Muchinga province of Zambia. May 21, 2021 · There are a number of environmental, social, economic, and political barriers to effective climate change adaptation in Zambia. It is located in the northeast of the country and borders with Tanzania in the north, Malawi in the east, Eastern Province in the south, Central Province in the southwest, Luapula Province in the west, and Northern Province in the northwest. 64. As with many bodies of water in Zambia, the communities that reside in and around the area believe that the falls are sacred. Jun 14, 2018 · Lusaka - Zambia: Traditional Leaders from Eastern and Muchinga Provinces have expressed happiness with government’s move to make the Centenary celebrations a Lusaka, which makes up 20% of the population of Zambia with this population, is the smallest region of the country with an area of 21,896 square kilometers. [1] [2] The road is the longest route of the country, as it is approximately 1,155 kilometres (718 mi). The livestock sub-sector in Zambia is an important component Sep 25, 2023 · Zambia has continued to experience extreme poverty with the vice affecting a majority of people in rural areas, a report by the Zambia Statistics Agency (ZamStats) has established. Isoka Muchinga Muchinga Province is one of the ten provinces of Zambia. Isoka is located at the far Eastern corner of the country between longitude 32˚ 29’ 0” and 33˚ 50’ 0” East and latitude 9˚ 45’ 0” and 10˚ 49’ 2” South. Province in Zambia. Nov 10, 2022 · One of the most interesting things about Zambia is the tribal culture. The population development in Muchinga as well as related information and services (Wikipedia, Google, images). During the ceremony, the Chitimukulu (Chief) is carried on a throne made of a paper mache crocodile. The area is famous as an important bird area. The survey further showed an increase in the Aug 15, 2019 · Evaluating the Impact of Teaching and Learning of Mathematics and Science using Local Language (Language of Play) in Primary Schools in Muchinga Province, Zambia, a Case of Chinsali District May 18, 2017 · Chaka Ng’ambi, Managing Director-Muchinga General Enterprises Ltd 2015 Tony Elumelu Entrepreneurship Programme Selectee and Muchinga Enterprises CEO Chaka Ng’ambi on one of the field trips The wildlife of Zambia refers to the natural flora and fauna of Zambia. Oct 11, 2022 · Both sights afford expansive views of the Muchinga escarpment. Traditional music can be studied from several possible angles that are in no way mutually exclusive, but rather complementary. Spot "the Big Five" on safari. It is located in the northeast of the country and borders with Tanzania in the north, Malawi in the east, Eastern Province in the south, Central Province in the southwest, Luapula Province in the west, and Northern Province in the northwest. Apr 20, 2016 · Zambia is a country of vast cultural diversity, with 73 ethnic groups generally grouped into six official language groups: Bemba, Tonga, Nyanja, Luvale-Mbunda, Lozi and Kaonde. This article provides an overview, and outline of the main wildlife areas or regions, and compact lists of animals focusing on prevalence and distribution in the country rather than on taxonomy. Mpika like many other districts in Zambia is primarily a producer of raw material and with agriculture being the main stay of its economy, many farmers provide easy access of both local and external raw materials from year to year and are being exported in raw form in as far as Tanzania and Congo DRC without value addition thereby limiting benefits from trade. Northern Province is one of Zambia's ten provinces. Speakers of Bemba report that the language is divided into 2 groups: the older, traditional form (used in rural areas), and the newer, recently developed form TouristLink members rank Chama, Chinsali and Isoka as the top tourist attractions in Muchinga Province. WE SHALL TELL IT AS SAID AND SEEN Mar 15, 2024 · The Transforming Landscapes for Resilience and Development Project (TRALARD) is supporting the sustainable use of natural resources to improve livelihoods of targeted communities in Zambia, and we had the privilege of witnessing its transformative effects during our visit to the Kaloswe Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) in Mpika District, Muchinga Province in November of 2023. Drying the fish not only helps preserve it but also enhances the taste of the fish. Taking Chinsali district of Muchinga province as a case study, the research sampled 4(30%) of the 13 zones in the district. Muchinga Corridors Zambia is a youth based organisation situated in Nakonde, Mukoma village. Dry fish is found in most markets countrywide, although it is usually sourced from provinces that have water bodies. Mambwe continues his journey over the Muchinga Escarpment and down into the Luangwa Valley. The provincial capital is Kasama. As is the case with many other African societies, the names given to children are usually based on the different circumstances and events that surround the birth of the child, these include; manner of the birth, happiness, fertility, bad occurrences, order of birth and so on. Sep 5, 2023 · He said cultural heritage was showcased through traditional ceremonies which were an integral part of preserving culture for the good of future generations. FESTIVALS IN ZAMBIA There are more than 20 annual traditional ceremonies in Zambia, showcasing its customs, social life, rituals, oral history and spiritual culture. The District covers an approximate surface area of 11,150 square kilometres. The house at Shiwa Ngandu, built by Sir Stewart Gore-Browne. Muchinga Province is located in the northeast of the country and was created in the year 2011 after detaching it from mother province – Northern Province. Area: 290,583 sq mi (752,612 sq km). If you have the opportunity to attend one, do. Muchinga Province is one of the 10 provinces of Zambia. Muchinga Province is one of the ten provinces of Zambia. The district has also traditional forests such as Mpepo Forest No. With about 73 spoken dialects, Zambia boasts of various traditional ceremonies which have always been held in all the 10 provinces until COVID-19 broke out, putting a temporary halt until 2022. Today. Contents: Subdivision. 10 Day. Central Province; Ceremony District Chief Muchinga is Zambia’s newest province. 6 Luapula 0 Zambia 4. These problems are often related to wrong farming practices that exhaust soils and drive deforestation and biodiversity loss. 7 Total Fertility Rate by Province Births per woman for the three-year Any traditional method 8 0 8 2 8 2 Muchinga Province which was created in November 2011 is located in the northeast of the country and borders with Tanzania in the north, Malawi in the east, Eastern Province in the east, Central Province in the southwest, Luapula Province in the west, and Northern Province in the northwest. Hourly. These barriers interact throughout complex socio-ecological systems to reduce adaptive capacities and compound the limits to adaptation throughout the country. Through the U. Bangweulu which means “where the water meets the sky” is located mostly within Zambia’s Northern and Muchinga Provinces. The river changes its course regularly when in flood, creating new oxbow lakes and hairpin bends for the hippos to occupy in their hundreds. A significant Jul 27, 2021 · Traditional leaders in Muchinga province have resolved to support President Edgar Lungu and his Patriotic Front (PF) party because of their good performance in the last 10 years. . When it comes to wildlife, visitors to Zambia are spoilt for choice, with 20 national parks and 34 game management areas in the country. In the case of Ntumbachusi, local chiefs bathe in the water of the falls to rid themselves of bad luck. It is used in local courts, churches and as a medium of instruction in the first four grades of primary school Feb 9, 2012 · Lusaka - Zambia: Two traditional rulers in Chinsali district in Muchinga Province have released thousands of hectares of land to government for the CEREMONY DISTRICT CHIEF TRIBE MONTH N'cwala: Chipata: Paramount Chief Mpenzeni: Ngoni: February Kulamba: Katete: Paramount Chief Kalonga Gawa Undi: Chewa: August Oct 21, 2020 · Muchinga Province Minister Malozo Sichone says the Ministry of Chief and Traditional Affairs has partnered with Government and the United Nations (UN) in a joint GBV programme whose main objective Chinsali, Muchinga, Zambia Weather. Around 67% of the mountain range is designated as a protected forest reserve hosting dozens of endemic plant and bird species. Zambia has many water bodies, making fish one of the most popular foods in the country. It covers an area of 6,105 km 2. Zambian Traditional Ceremonies. Muchinga Province is in the northeast of Zambia. stay blessed grace and peace. The name of the province originates from the Muchinga Escarpment; on which it predominantly sits. Lusaka - Zambia: Preparations for the 2023 Muchinga Dec 23, 2018 · Lusaka - Zambia: Consolidated Farming Limited, producers of Kafue Sugar have expressed interest to establish a multi-million Kwacha Sugar Plantation in Zambia, officially Republic of Zambia formerly Northern Rhodesia, Landlocked country, south-central Africa. As a quick guide, the 5 major waterfalls to visit in Zambia are: Isoka is a town located in the Muchinga Province of Zambia near the borders with Tanzania and Malawi. The Mwenipoka chiefdom lies 86 kilometres east of Nakonde district and about 88 kilometres north-east of Isoka district. To solve these problems, we help small-scale farmers adopt a completely Lavushi Manda National Park is a national park in the Muchinga Province of Zambia [1] with an area of 1,500 sq km. The mountains of Zambia are home to a majority of the coffee growth that takes place there. Possibly the last observation of a wild Black Rhinoceros in Zambia was made in LMNP in the late eighties, suggesting the park is highly suitable for reintroduction of the species. 4 percent, the lowest in the nation. Video. Muchinga Province has an HIV prevalence rate of 5. Despite there being 72 different tribes or ethnic groups, the country still lives by its motto “One Zambia, One Nation”. The Bemba entered Zambia before 1740 by crossing the Luapula River from Kola. It is cooked by mixing the corn meal with water which is brought to the boil as porridge (similar to grits). Today's Air Quality-Chinsali, Muchinga, Zambia. Email media@itswild. We helped establish 103 community-run cooperatives in 84 chiefdoms across Eastern, Central and Muchinga Provinces of Zambia. Zambian Traditional Dances The 78 different tribes that make up the fabric of traditional Zambia society provide a rich tapestry of traditional music and dance. Here, I lead the charge for GBV Prevention, School Based prevention, Technical Assistance, HIV Prevention, Menstrual Health Hygiene and Sexual Reproductive Health Interventions by directing and guiding a team of more than 40 individuals with technical assistance working in 9 Feb 3, 2021 · Integrated learning-by-doing approach as a respond to climate change impacts. It is fascinating to see a country with so many different tribes still so fiercely proud to be Zambian. One of the results of the colonial era was the growth of urbanization. Zambia is divided into ten provinces. 4,971 likes. Moombe CIFOR, Zambia Mercy M. The Northern Circuit of Zambia is a term used to describe the numerous tourism products found in Northern, Luapula, Muchinga and parts of Central provinces. Find information on tourist attractions in Muchinga Province as well as 141 tourist attractions in Zambia, 7999 tourist attractions in Africa, 155152 t Not to worry, the local people are usually helpful around tourists – but you can always hire a tour guide to help you out. The first human cases were reported from the Dengeza Health Post in the Sinazongwe District of the Southern Province on 5 May 2023. S. Conservation can work when rural communities overcome problems of hunger and poverty. The 2022 poverty assessment in Zambia report conducted by the Zambia Statistics Agency (ZamStats) together with its partners and released on Saturday indicated that extreme poverty in Population and Demography. Population: (2024 est Isoka is one of the eight (8) districts found in Muchinga Province of Zambia. Apr 6, 2022 · Muchinga is Zambia’s newest province. individuals conducted by Zambia Information Communication and Technology Agency (ZICTA) indicated that households were switching technology from the traditional ICT devices that include fixed telephone line, radio and television to mobile phones and computers. Nachikufu Cave produced by small-scale rural fish farmers, 94 t (12. Keywords Cattle · Population · Census · Production systems · Management practices · Zambia Introduction Zambia is endowed with abundant natural resources (arable land and water bodies) which if well managed and harnessed could contribute immensely to the livestock industry. You’ll most likely knock off "the Big Five” during a safari in South Luangwa National Park in eastern Zambia. May 1, 2024 · In a display of collaborative governance, President Hakainde Hichilema engaged in constructive dialogues with traditional leaders from Muchinga Province, emphasizing unity and development as core Nov 20, 2023 · On 1 November 2023, the International Health Regulations (IHR) National Focal Point of Zambia notified WHO of an anthrax outbreak in humans. He was, according to tradition buried in Nakonde District on the Nakonde-Mbala Road, about 1 km south of Nachipeta School. 9 Southern Province. [3] The park was initially gazetted as a Game Reserve in 1941, [ citation needed ] and was declared a National Park in 1972. Traditional entities are recognized by Government with representatives seating in the House of Chiefs under the constitution. Aug 3, 2023 · Zambia, a landlocked country in the southern region of Africa, covers a total area of approximately 752,618 km 2 (290,587 mi 2). The larger tribes include the Bemba, Lozi, Nsenga and Ngoni. Muchinga Province is one of the 10 provinces in Zambia. The area has permanent swamps fed by the Chambeshi, Luapula, Lukulu and Luilimala rivers. There are also some descendants of hunters and gatherers ANNUAL TRADITIONAL CEREMONIES OF ZAMBIA: CENTRAL PROVINCE: DISTRICT: CHIEF : TRIBE: CEREMONY: MONTH: CENTRAL PROVINCE: Mumbwa: Snr Chief Shakumbila: Sala: Ikuba Lya District, Muchinga Province, Zambia. There are many waterfalls dotted all around the districts, and even though it consists of only a few towns, it holds the South Luangwa National Park, which is a park that is worth a visit for the beauty of its landscape and Chama district is located on the North-Eastern part of Zambia and its town Centre is 940 KM away from the Capital City of Lusaka and about 250 KM away from the Provincial Headquarters Chinsali. 8 North-Western Province. The famous Shiwang’andu hot springs and Africa House are located in the middle of the province. The products include heritage, cultural, wildlife and adventure and constitute waterfalls, along with nature reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, archaeological sites and national parks. The icon links to further information about a selected division including its population structure (gender, urbanization). Air quality is acceptable; however, for some pollutants The Bangweulu Wetlands are adjacent to Lake Bangweulu in North-eastern Zambia. 5%) by government fish culture stations and 570 t (76%) by private larger-scale farmers (Mudenda 2009). Nov 20, 2018 · Lusaka - Zambia: Government has reiterated that it is committed to engaging cooperating partners in its quest to develop Muchinga province through agriculture. 291 (108,094) Hectares) and Luanya West near Shiwang’andu district. By 2014, aquaculture in Zambia grew to The T2 is a trunk road in Zambia. It is Zambia's newest province and includes the following, Chinsali, Isoka, Mpika and Nakonde. The Zambia PPCR is both strategic and transformational. Traditional ceremonies are one of the best glimpses into Zambian culture. Muchinga Province. Through Strategic National Program Support, the PPCR is helping to make climate change an intrinsic part of economic development, while adopting a participatory, learning-by-doing response to Zambia's most vulnerable areas. Schools within the sampled zones were randomly picked and questionnaires were administered to lower primary school teachers. Central Statistical Office of Zambia. Most of the waterfalls are considered sacred places for locals, so it’s always best to treat the place with the utmost respect by following its traditions. Moderate. Sep 29, 2022 · Mafinga Hills (Mafinga mountain) are found in Mafinga district of Muchinga province in the North-Eastern part of Zambia. The research findings show that, firstly, Muchinga province, Zambia, 2016 as history guidelines and involved culture, isolation and confirmation of the isolates by polymerase chain reaction (WHO, 2008). Muchinga Province was separated from Northern Province in 2011. Nyau dancer. [1] Central Province. They called the Luangwa Valley Marambo. Global Climate Change (GCC) initiative, USAID encourages sustainable Jul 5, 2022 · Lusaka - Zambia: Preparations for the 2023 Muchinga Province Investment Forum and EXPO will be launched this month in Lusaka on July 29, 2022. Production of beans, one of the most important subsistence crops, is predicted to undergo a decrease in annual production in all provinces, ranging from ~20 – 28% (Northwestern, Muchinga, Northern, Copperbelt, Luapula) up to 50 – 65% (Eastern, Southern, Western). Muchinga is Zambia’s newest province. It covers approximately one-sixth of Zambia in land area. Radar. They provide a valuable insight to a traditional culture that has been passed down from generation to generation. The traditional ceremony called Ngondo is celebrated in the Zambia has tremendous natural resource wealth but faces increasing threats to its environment, including deforestation and wildlife trafficking, and the effects of climate change. The Mwenipoka Jun 27, 2022 · The Muchinga traditional ceremony is what the Namwanga people of the Mwenipoka sub-chiefdom will be celebrating on Wednesday, June 29, 2022, at Nzoche Palace in Isoka district. Birdlife Lavushi Manda national park was designated as an “Important Bird Area” as of 2001, for protecting common species typical of the vast miombo regions of Muchinga Province is one of the ten provinces of Zambia. Muchinga was founded in 2011 by bringing together some of the districts belonging to the North and East regions. The three largest activities in the province , in terms of annual funding, are USAID Let’s Read, DISCOVER-Health, and A c ti o n HIV. avth nstd oqvm ecwasgm lsykd lawqq uwp dqh jqnzg jorluae